Congratulations to Waldemar Brys on the publication of his book, Knowledge-To in Classical Confucianism, as part of the Cambridge Elements in Epistemology Series.
Summary
Early Confucian philosophical texts offer a view on which a person’s knowing to φ is a distinct kind of knowledge irreducible to more familiar kinds, such as knowledge-that, knowledge-how, or knowledge-by-acquaintance. Unlike knowledge-that, knowing-to is non-propositional, and unlike knowledge-how and knowledge-by-acquaintance, knowing-to is present only if the agent is performing a corresponding intelligent action. The author motivates such an early Confucian account of knowledge-to by arguing that it offers the people an attractive conceptual alternative to standard ways of thinking about the relation between knowledge and intelligent action.
This Element is free online from 13th November 2026 – 11th December 2026.
