At this link is a downloadable long paper defending a speculation on the history of tì 弟/悌.

Edward O. Shaughnessy has convinced me in personal communication that the part of this paper about the Odes is at least inadequately argued—or, as he would say, wrong. I have now posted an improved version of some of the rest of the paper (click here), focusing on xiàotì in the Analects and the Mencius.  –BH, 5/25/2026

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